Applying Systems Thinking and
Common Archetypes to Organizational Issues

Module 6: Systems Archetypes

About This Module

Welcome to Module 6: Systems Archetypes. In Module 1, you compared a systems view of Acme Inc. to a more common view as an introduction to Systems Thinking. When we used the systems view, we looked at underlying structures that could explain Acme Inc.'s performance. This example illustrated a classic structure, or systems archetype, called "Fixes That Backfire," where efforts to address a problem actually make the problem worse.

In Module 2, the image of an iceberg was introduced to summarize a framework for Systems Thinking. This framework introduced the relationship between the patterns of performance we see and the underlying structure. In Module 3 we used the components of the language of Systems Thinking to describe situations at the level of structure using causal loop diagrams. The components include the two structures used to build all the systems archetypes: reinforcing and balancing feedback. These basic feedback structures are the first of the systems archetypes.

In Module 4, we focused on planning effective interventions to improve system performance by working more effectively with the structures at play, or by redesigning them. There are generic interventions and leverage points for each systems archetype, so if we can identify one of these classic structures in our specific situation, we have a roadmap to guide us in planning an intervention. In Module 5, we explored ways to identify the more intangible structures affecting our behavior including the "going deeper" questions. We will cover the typical mental models associated with each of the systems archetypes.

In this module, we will review nine systems archetypes. Each archetype includes at least two feedback loops and tends to be a "classic story." These basic structures occur frequently and are present in many everyday situations, from the individual to the international level.

In Module 7 we will pull these pieces together in "Steps in Systems Thinking." Module 8 includes a resource directory and guidelines for using Systems Thinking on the job.

Orientation topics included in this section are:

  • Module Description
  • Learning Objectives
  • Conceptual Model
  • How to Go Through This Module
  • Estimated Times to Complete Sections